Somatic cells (all body cells except eggs and sperm) are diploid cells because each cell contains two copies of every chromosome. The first step in either mitosis or meiosis begins with the condensation of the genetic material, chromatin, into tightly coiled bodies, the chromosomes. Each chromosome is made of two identical halves called sister chromatids, which are joined at the centromere. Each chromatid consists of a single, tightly coiled molecule of DNA. In contrast, meiosis is a reduction division, producing daughter cells that contain half the genetic information of the parent cell. Mitosis divides the nucleus so that both daughter cells are genetically identical. There are two kinds of nuclear division-mitosis and meiosis. Quiz: Regulation of Urine ConcentrationĬell division consists of two phases- nuclear division followed by cytokinesis.Nuclear division divides the genetic material in the nucleus, while cytokinesis divides the cytoplasm.Quiz: Structure of the Digestive Tract Wall.Quiz: Function of the Respiratory System.Quiz: Structure of the Respiratory System.Quiz: Supplements to the Immune Response.Quiz: Humoral and Cell-Mediated Immune Responses.Humoral and Cell-Mediated Immune Responses.Quiz: Specific Defense (The Immune System).The Immune System and Other Body Defenses.Quiz: Functions of the Cardiovascular System.Quiz: The Hypothalamus and Pituitary Glands.Quiz: The Ventricles and Cerebrospinal Fluid.Quiz: Muscle Size and Arrangement of Muscle Fascicles.Muscle Size and Arrangement of Muscle Fascicles.Quiz: Structure of Cardiac and Smooth Muscle.Quiz: Connective Tissue Associated with Muscle Tissue.Connective Tissue Associated with Muscle Tissue.Quiz: Chemical Reactions in Metabolic Processes.Chemical Reactions in Metabolic Processes.Quiz: Atoms, Molecules, Ions, and Bonds.
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